SOME CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL ASPECTS OF IDENTITY «INTELLECTUALS» IN THE WORKS OF THE SECOND HALF OF THE XXTH CENTURY

Abstract

In the article in historical and cultural aspect through the writers' personalities prism are considered the problem of self-identification of «human-intellectual» personality, is given an artistic analysis of some literary works of the II^d half of the XX^th century within the general aesthetic and the ethical picture of the world. Against the backdrop of the main characters' focus on their inner world is determined by ways of reflection, self-identification and the «rebirth» of «intellectuals» in new realities. In study considered the creative achievements of the North American writers Saul Bellow, John Williams, Pat Cornoy, Austin Wright and Soviet masters of the word Vasily Grossman, Anatoly Rybakov, Andrei Voznesensky. Each of them, in its own way, gives an analysis of historical and cultural realities, and sets up relevant accents. The influence of the literary heritage of everyone on modernity also varies.

On example of the works presented by these authors is demonstrated problem of self-identification search. Identification tokens are national, aesthetic and moral features of literary figure. The influence of life collisions on raising the level is investigated self-awareness. The article gives an overview of common and different influence factors on imaginative possibilities depending on cultural and historical context. Particular attention is paid to the internal dynamics of the heroes lyrical reflections, positive and negative factors of constant reflection. Under consideration are questions of counteraction to totalitarianism, preservation of internal space under ideological pressure conditions. It is demonstrated that every lyrical hero has unique set of tests. Particular attention is given to the previous attempts to comprehend the human being in terms of introspection.

The paper considers the problem of historicism and its peculiarities in novels twentieth century writers representing characters’ consciousness dependent on social, political and intellectual conditions. The historical background drawn up from the typical details of the modes of life and manners includes historic events and figures as an object of both characters’.

Key words: intellectual, personality, self-understanding, awareness, self-identification of personality.