THE CREATIVE WORK OF M.V. DOBUZHINSKY – ONE OF THE REFORMERS OF THEATRICAL AND DECORATIVE ART OF THE EARLY XX CENTURY

Abstract

Mstislav Valerianovich's life was long (1875-1957). His art was influenced by many new and modern trends. But in General, his character was determined by a deep change that took place in the human soul under the influence of unprecedented changes that promised the turn of the XIX^th and XX ^th centuries. The formation and maturity of the artist coincides with a period of great changes in social life, science, philosophy, and art. All his best works in the theater, book and easel graphics are associated with a romantic sense of crisis, whether it is the famous “man with glasses” (1905-1906), the design of  “Month in the village” (1909) by I. S. Turgenev and “Nikolai Stavrogin” (1913) based on the novel “Demons” by               F. M. Dostoevsky for the Art theater or illustrations for the story “White nights”by F. M. Dostoevsky (1848). It is the feeling of “the turn of the century” that makes M. V. Dobuzhinsky to choose the city as the center of the struggle between old and new. It is important to note that the artist's spiritual connection with the city had a long and dramatic history. M. V. Dobuzhinsky had very strong and complex feelings for St. Petersburg from childhood until his death. St. Petersburg took a very large place in the very structure of the artistic formation and subsequent creativity of M. V. Dobuzhinsky, starting in 1903. Until 1907 the urban landscape is almost the leading genre of his work, the content of easel and magazine graphics-vignettes, screensavers, endings. 1907 was notable for the fact that M. V. Dobuzhinsky performs his first theatrical works. In general, the number of his theatrical works was great: in the period from 1907 to 1957, he performed sets and costumes for almost two hundred performances for more than fifty theater groups of the old and New World. It is hardly possible to limit the significance of                             M. V. Dobuzhinsky to one specific sphere of creativity.

Key words: the creative work of M.V. Dobuzhinsky, Neo-Romanticism in German literature and art, Modern, landscapes, etching classes, art Association “World of art”, exhibitions, image of the city, easel and magazine graphics, theatrical work.