Біографічна складова авторської творчості

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to analyze the work of prominent directors-authors (O. Dovzhenko,                             Yu. Illenko, K. Muratova, F. Fellini, M. Forman), to determine the features of the biographical component and to substantiate the appropriateness of using the biographical method to study the ethical and aesthetic potentials of an artist's self-analysis in the context of his self-realization as a subject of creative activity. The article examines the work of world-famous film directors through the prism of biographicalism, in particular, through the plot-event connection between the biography of artists and the heroes of their screen productions. The cross-artistic mutual influence of the author in literature and screen arts is revealed in: the construction of the narrative; its plot-plot construction; special manifestations of the artistic form; depicted authentic hypostases. The researcher identified and correlated the common and distinctive biographical features of the director-author as a real figure with the created image of a cinematic character. The idea is articulated that in the study of biographicalism in the work of the author-director, it is necessary to take into account the creation of artistic images in individual and personal creativity by members of the film crew (cameraman, artist, composer, which can also be considered as originally authorial. It is substantiated that the reflection of the biographical component of the author's figure in screen works depends on the specifics of his worldview, the ability to originally see and reproduce the picture and image of the world, the originality of his psycho-emotional sphere. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that for the first time the expediency of using the biographical dimension and the potential of the artist's self-analysis in the process of personal self-realization in the author's cinematography is substantiated. It is proven that biographicalism in a screen work is based on the peculiarities of the self-educated author-director, who demonstrates a unique ability to predict the course of events in his personal life. It is found that biographicalism in a screen work can manifest itself through the reproduction of the artist's own facts from his life; can be presented through a random identical coincidence with the heroes who are endowed with some portrait resemblance to the director-author; can be demonstrated through the improvisational potential of the author-director, which are based on life observations or fantasies, dreams, and visions of the artist; can be depicted through direct or indirect associations with the author's life, which deepen on the screen plane, their reproduction becomes more believable; can be manifested through a special attitude towards the characters on whom the filmmaker projects his thoughts, emotions, and feelings.