THE PHENOMENON OF MANNERISM IN THE ART OF EUROPE OF THE XVI-EARLY XVII CENTURIES: ON THE QUESTION OF THE STYLE ORIGIN

Abstract

The definition “Mannerism” is interpreted in art history in different ways, has different interpretations, different in meaning, from narrowly focused to expansive. Unfortunately, there are still very few systematic attempts at explication in Ukrainian art history. The bibliography on the artistic culture of Europe in the XV-I half of the XVII centuries is quite rich, because it is a very fruitful material for both art criticism and cultural and philosophical research. Despite the fact that the French, Italian and Spanish art of this era repeatedly became the subject of attention of scientists, in the vast majority of cases, the corpus of Renaissance material was analyzed. But the problem of mannerism in the artistic culture of this era was rarely raised in research, and to a greater extent these are only individual articles. The epoch following the Renaissance and preceding the Baroque is a chronological segment that is very significant for understanding the nature, the nature of the stylistic fabric in the artistic process of subsequent epochs, the principle of the process of style formation in general, which is impossible without understanding Mannerism. This artistic phenomenon experienced its rebirth in Ukrainian science quite recently, when it was destined to be opened to the viewer again, as researchers appeared who began to study the work of Mannerists, forgotten for several centuries. But the category of “Mannerism” in the works of Ukrainian scientists has not yet been covered in all possible and necessary aspects, which explains the need for its in-depth analysis. The definition of “Mannerism” is proposed by researchers mainly as a designation of a style or trend in the artistic culture of the XVI century. But even the chronological framework of this stylistic phenomenon can not be clearly delineated, because their definition depends on the geographical boundaries of the phenomenon under consideration. And then the interpretation of the term “Mannerism” usually did not extend, although in fact it is applicable to other artistic phenomena of various artistic and historical epochs, to the crisis stages of almost each of them.